Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the simulation of human intelligence in machines programmed to think, learn, and make decisions.

Types of AI:
* Narrow AI: Performs specific tasks (e.g., Siri, Google Assistant)

* General AI: Hypothetical; can perform any intellectual task like a human

* Super intelligent AI: Hypothetical; surpasses human intelligence

APPLICATION:
* Healthcare: AI-powered diagnostics, robotic surgery, personalized treatment

* Finance: Fraud detection, automated trading

* Transportation: Self-driving cars, traffic optimization.

* Education: AI tutors, personalized learning
Entertainment:

Recommendation systems in Netflix, YouTube

ADVANTAGES:

* Efficiency in tasks
* Can process huge datasets quickly
* Reduces human error
* 
Challenges/Concerns:
* Ethical issues (bias in algorithms)
* Job displacement
* Security and privacy risks

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS :
Chatbots like ChatGPT (language processing)
AI in medical imaging detecting diseases earlier than humans